Understanding the human factor in road accidents

Reflecting on the festive period of 2024, an image emerges that evokes profound sadness.

The Zimbabwe Republic Police reported a staggering 1 211 road traffic accidents (RTAs) between December 15 and 26, 2024.

Additionally, the Traffic Safety Council of Zimbabwe (TSCZ) revealed that at least 39 461 RTAs occurred from January to September of the same year.

Behind these disturbing statistics lie tragic human stories—lives lost in horrific circumstances and families enduring trauma of clinical proportions, often without access to appropriate support.

This discussion highlights our collective responsibility for road traffic accidents and encourages all road users—drivers, passengers, and pedestrians—to adopt more conscientious behaviours.

As the most advanced species, humans should not succumb to self-destructive tendencies stemming from negligence and carelessness.

Psychological underpinnings of Zimbabwe’s traffic crisis

The role of stress and fatigue

Traveling by road during the holidays is both physically and mentally demanding. It necessitates significant planning, budgeting, and coordination, often placing an overwhelming burden on adult family members tasked with driving. The pressure to execute this logistics within a limited timeframe can take a toll, particularly on those with a lower stress tolerance. Public transport operators face similar challenges during peak travel periods.

To maximise profits, they may overwork and speed, often working extended shifts. The psychological toll of sleep deprivation is well-documented; studies have shown that driving while sleep-deprived can be as dangerous as driving under the influence of alcohol.

Cultural influences

Culture comprises the shared values, customs, and behaviours of a society.

 In Zimbabwe, particularly in urban centres like Harare, a troubling culture has developed around road safety. Disregarding traffic regulations has become ingrained in the local ethos, with drivers, passengers, and pedestrians frequently overlooking laws.

When violations occur without significant consequences, they transition from exceptions to accepted norms

This perpetuates a cycle of disregard for road safety, which can only be broken through improved enforcement, public education, and a fundamental shift in attitudes.

Additional risk factors

Other significant contributors to RTAs include:

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs

Mental health challenges

Mechanical failures in vehicles

Recommendations for Mitigation

While various stakeholders have made commendable efforts in public education, road infrastructure improvement, and law enforcement, a deeper psychological approach is essential to effectively address this crisis. Below are my proposals:

Mandatory psychological evaluations for repeat offenders

Many repeat traffic offenders may struggle with underlying psychological issues that impair their decision-making and impulse control. Implementing mandatory psychological evaluations can help identify mental health problems such as impulsivity and aggression. This proactive approach allows authorities to address the root causes of dangerous driving behaviours through counselling and therapy, rather than solely relying on punitive measures.

Enhanced medical examinations for public transport drivers

Given their critical role in ensuring road safety, public transport drivers should undergo comprehensive mental health evaluations as part of their annual medical exams. Mental health issues, such as anxiety and burnout, can severely affect drivers’ performance. By identifying these challenges early, we can help ensure that drivers are mentally equipped to handle the demands of their job, thereby enhancing overall safety.

Trauma-informed mental health interventions

The impact of road accidents extends beyond immediate physical injuries; survivors and bereaved families often experience profound psychological trauma. Trauma-informed care acknowledges these emotional ramifications and provides tailored support. By offering interventions that help individuals process their grief and cope with trauma, we can facilitate healing and improve their overall quality of life.

The statistics surrounding road traffic accidents in Zimbabwe are not merely numbers; they symbolise human lives and the traumatic impact on families and communities.

 By recognising our collective responsibility and addressing he psychological factors contributing to these tragedies, we can take significant strides toward improving road safety.

Through a combination of psychological evaluations, enhanced driver assessments, and trauma-informed care, we can foster a culture of responsibility and compassion on our roads.

In conclusion, understanding the human factor in road accidents is crucial for creating effective strategies to reduce road traffic accidents.

 By addressing psychological stressors, cultural norms, and mental health issues, we can pave the way for safer roads and a more responsible society.

The path forward requires commitment from all road users, stakeholders, and authorities to prioritise mental health and safety on our roads, ultimately saving lives and fostering a culture of care and responsibility.